SHANGHAI PINGHE SCHOOL

Seek Boundless Truth,
Kindle the Light of Wisdom

Write to Thrive

Critical Thinking × Academic Writing

Eligibility Students in Grades 7–9 worldwide Organizer High School Division, Shanghai Pinghe School
ABOUT THE CHALLENGE

What Is the PHHS CUP
Essay Writing Challenge?

Organized by the High School Division of Shanghai Pinghe School, the PHHS CUP Essay Writing Challenge provides a platform for middle school students who are passionate about writing, committed to critical inquiry, and beginning to build an academic foundation.

We value not only the answers writers reach, but also how they frame questions, develop arguments, and form independent judgments from complex materials.

Ask meaningful questions Build testable arguments Respect evidence and difference
PAST PROMPTS

Past Prompts

Browse prompts, writing instructions, and evaluation criteria by year.

2026

2026 Essay Prompt

1. Innovation sometimes emerges when organizations apply their expertise in unfamiliar domains. Identify a well-known brand and design a new product or service outside its traditional scope. Your idea should initially seem unexpected but become convincing upon explanation. Discuss how it addresses a contemporary need.
2. According to UNESCO, “cultural diversity is as essential for humankind as biodiversity is for nature,” yet globalization, driven by migration, digital technology, and economic integration, has intensified cultural interaction. Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of this cultural convergence, and whether it ultimately advances or undermines human progress.
3. Psychological studies suggest that adolescents often develop emotional attachments to public figures. When such attachments develop into idol worship, should they be understood as a form of positive emotional support or as a mechanism that may intensify dependency, loneliness, and detachment from real-life social relationships? (Inspired by Elena Liang, Pinghe Class of 2028)
4. In "The Better Angels of Our Nature", Steven Pinker writes, "Violence has been in decline for long stretches of time, and today may be the most peaceful era in our species' history." Considering both theoretical perspectives and historical experiences, evaluate to what extent development will reduce the likelihood of violent conflict?

05
2025

2025 Essay Prompt

1. The Roman poets Horace and Vergil have presented two differing views on the future: Horace stated that one should “Seize the day, and believe as little as possible in the future,” while Vergil stated that “Even these hardships will be pleasing to remember one day in the future.”Which view do you agree with more?
2. In Utilitarianism, the English philosopher John Stuart Mill argues that different kinds of "pleasures" vary in quality: intellectual pleasures that involve rational thought are of a higher order, while physical, bodily pleasures are of a lower order. Do you agree with Mill's distinction between higher and lower pleasures?
3. In his early work "Sleep and Poetry," the 19th century British Romantic poet John Keats writes, "... the great end / Of poesy, that it should be a friend / To sooth the cares, and lift the thoughts of man" (ll. 245-7). Do you agree with Keats? In your opinion, what is the "great end" of literature? What about art in general? What other social, moral, or aesthetic roles does art play? Answer these questions with reference to specific works of art.
4. In 2021, the International Olympic Committee amended the Olympic motto from the original "Faster, higher, stronger" to "Faster, higher, stronger – together." What does this revision signify? How has the significance of the Olympics evolved in the contemporary world?
5. Some have observed that mathematics is playing an increasingly important role in almost all disciplines. Is this the case? If so, is this possibly a problem? Are there any exceptions where math doesn't play that much of an important role?
6. In the digital age, is virtual social interaction gradually replacing face-to-face social interaction? If so, is this trend more beneficial or more detrimental to the long-term development of human society?

04
2024

2024 Essay Prompt

1. Should AI language models hold controversial opinions? If so, should their opinions be deliberately modified to support one side of the argument, or should their opinions remain dependent on their original training data?
2. Would you enter a machine that allows you to experience any desired experiences and sensations throughout your life at the expense of giving up the real world?
3. Should we praise or celebrate the kind of suffering that leads to personal growth?
4. What makes a piece of artwork a "classic"? To what extent is time a basis for determining whether or not a piece of art is a "classic"?

03
2023

2023 Essay Prompt

1. What makes humans, human?
2. In the process of analyzing and interpreting art, should the artist's original intent for the piece be taken into consideration?
3. If you were to design a new course for middle school students on your campus, what would it be?
4. Famous literary critic Harold Bloom once argued that there is no such thing as an original poem and that every new composition is merely a misreading or misinterpretation of earlier work. Do you agree with his claim?
5. The process of awarding the Nobel Prize is generally slower than that of other awards since the selection committee takes time to validate scientific achievements. What may be the other reasons for the delay of the awarding of this prize?

02
2022

2022 Essay Prompt

1. How does language affect our cognition of the world?
2. What are "disciplines"? What is "interdisciplinary"? Is there a clear boundary between and across disciplines? Is "interdisciplinary study" a regression or an advancement?
3. Does the value of a piece of art come from the acknowledgment of its audience?
4. To expand one's global horizons, is it a necessity to go abroad?
5. Some people think that we often do not realize that we live in the air, just as fish do not realize that they live in water. What are your thoughts regarding this statement?
6. Does humanity define laws, or do laws define humanity?

01
AWARD-WINNING ESSAYS

Winning Essays

Centering each essay’s title and text, this section presents the complete, independent arguments of young writers.

Winning Essay

According to UNESCO,“cultural diversity is as essential for humankind as biodiversity is for nature,”yet globalization, driven by migration, digital technology, and economic integration, has intensified cultural interaction. Evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of this cultural convergence, and whether it ultimately advances or undermines human progress.Cultural Convergence: Epistemic Diversity and Human Progress

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Winning Essay

Psychological studies suggest that adolescents often develop emotional attachments to public figures. When such attachments develop into idol worship, should they be understood as a form of positive emotional support or as a mechanism that may intensify dependency, loneliness, and detachment from real-life social relationships?

Read Full Essay

Winning Essay

In "The Better Angels of Our Nature", Steven Pinker writes, "Violence has been in decline for long stretches of time, and today may be the most peaceful era in our species' history." Considering both theoretical perspectives and historical experiences, evaluate to what extent development will reduce the likelihood of violent conflict?

Read Full Essay

Winning Essay

In the digital age, is virtual social interaction gradually replacing face-to-face social interaction? If so, is this trend more beneficial or more detrimental to the long-term development of human society?

Read Full Essay

Winning Essay

In Defense of the Happy Pig: Why Physical Pleasure is the Fundament for Our World

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Winning Essay

The Impacts of Virtual Social Interactions on the Human Society

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HOW TO PARTICIPATE

What Are the Essay Prompts
and Requirements?

  1. 01
    Choose One Prompt

    Participants must select one of the listed prompts and may submit only one essay.

  2. 02
    Language and Length

    Essays may be written in Chinese or English and must not exceed 2,000 Chinese characters or English words.

  3. 03
    Genre

    Any genre is permitted except poetry and scripts.

  4. 04
    Evaluation Criteria

    Originality, critical thinking, and logical coherence are the principal criteria in the review process.

  5. 05
    Authenticity and Citation

    All participants must ensure that their essays are authentic and follow accepted academic citation standards.

  6. 06
    AI-Assisted Writing

    Any use of AI tools must remain within reasonable bounds and strictly comply with the principles of academic integrity.

  7. 07
    No Plagiarism or AI Ghostwriting

    Participants must not plagiarize or have AI generate the essay content on their behalf.

  8. 08
    Consequences of Violations

    Any violation of these requirements will result in disqualification. Participants are expected to act with integrity and help uphold the fairness and credibility of academic work.

PHHS CUP